1. Osteoarthritis
The most frequent disorder of the loco motor system is the osteoarthritis. It becomes more frequent with aging, which does not mean it would not appear with patients in their thirties or forties. Osteoarthritis is basically caused by the degeneration of the joint cartilage and resulting its inflexibility. In the starting stages painless disorder causes after a time changes in the structure of the bone ends of joints which can be detected clearly by X-ray examination. As a consequence motion become less smooth and pain appears. The domain of movements stars becoming more and more limited.
The degradation of the joint cartilage, either due to accident or susceptibility, whether its losing inflexibility, diminishing texture, and its complaints effect 40-50 % of the population above 60. The actual cause of the disorder cannot be revealed in most cases.
Sometimes the definitive osteoarthritis cases remain painless and symptom free in the first stages, but in other cases already at the beginning patients complain of strong joint pain and movement limitations. It has been observed that the disorder in case of significant over-weight damages primarily the knees (in most cases cannot be told why the left or the right side), or the little joints of the neck-spine or lumbar spine. Arthritis can also occur in the finger-joints or shoulder joints but at several other places too.
With the advancing of osteoarthritis usually the result of X-ray examination and the clinical status changes at the same time. The pain is increasing by burdening. The symptoms that are caused by the limitations of the movements will result in less efficient use of the joints.
The body automatically sets defense mechanisms in motion to release pain by placing more of the pressure on the neighboring joints which naturally over-burden those. Frequently secondary knee-joint or waist-joint problems occur along with hip-joint erosion , or it might happen that the effected right knee puts the burden on the left knee and that becomes problematic.
The disorder can be detected by careful medical examination and its measures can be clearly seen on X-ray examination. Very effective cures are known for releasing pain and infections.
Physiotherapy, thermal water bathing treatments, joint protection (e.g. how to lift heavy weight) can also be useful.
There are treatments for chondroitin sulphate supplementation or the viscosity of joints can be increased by injection treatments. In advanced cases orthopedic surgery can improve movement qualities, release pain and in general help to improve life qualities.
2. Arthritis
Arthritis is a frequent and very often a severe inflammatory disorder. It starts with the inflammation of the synovial membrane, and gradually effect the other constituents of the joint. The inflammation can be caused by injury, but also pathogenic agents in the body. Any disorder of the immune system can also result inflammation of one or more joints. Lasting, acute inflammations (e.g. gynecological problems or maxillary sinusitis) can also cause arthritis.
Arthritis can occur in one or more joints. As a result of immune system dysfunctions the complete inflammation of the joints might take weeks, but in other cases months. Characteristically the inflammation or sometimes swelling of the symmetrical small joints of hands or legs, or primarily of knees and wrists will occur.
However, not like in case of the osteoarthritis where the over-burdening of the joints cause complaints, the pain increases during the night and stronger for the morning. In case of having arthritis it is typical to find values indicating inflammation in blood tests, such as rapid erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
Arthritis in reality effects the whole body and not just located around the effected joints.
The treatment of the arthritis has to focus on the decreasing of the measures of the inflammatory activity, releasing pain, and neutralizing factors that caused the inflammation.
3. Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system is able to differentiate of its own and other materials. It respects its own cells and all their constituents, but attacks all unknown elements. The attack is called immune reaction, which can mean e.g. destruction or neutralization of bacteria. The immune system `remembers` these incidents, so many deceases will not be able to harm the body for a second time (e.g German measles). If some sort of dysfunction occurs in the immune system, it can happen that immune reaction will be activated against its own cells, which results autoimmune illness. The most well-known autoimmune illnesses are Rheumatoid Arthritis ( RA), SLE (lupus), Autoimmune Vaculitis, Dermetomyositis ( DM) Sjögren Disease, Mixed Connective Tissue Disease ( MCTD) etc. In case of these illnesses, arthritis, kidney, heart, lung disorders, anemia are frequent side-effects. Immune deviations, X-ray deformations, or skin rash can be observed, but even xerostalmy or xerostomy. The treatment can be either taking medications to decrease inflammatory and other symptoms (such as steroids, careful use because of side effects) or immune modifying drugs (e.g. Imuran, Methotrexate, Cyclophosphamide). In the last decade medicines of biological therapy ( BT) also appeared for curing autoimmune illnesses, presently they are considered the most effective by scientists. The process of the biological therapy is the following, materials (antibody) that are circulating in the blood are being neutralized or eliminated. As a consequence they cannot effect the body. This is called `TNF alfa blocking`. There is another form of biological therapy blocking the `B cell ( a subgroup of white blood cells which produces the immune globins) line.
3. Osteoporosis
This bone disorder is typically characteristic for women above 55. The weight carrying substance of the bones diminishes and consequently the trabecular matrix of the tiny bones grow thinner and the bones become fragile.
The osteoporosis is typically an illness of women, very often around the period of menopause, or other times around 65-70. It starts with dorsal back pain. The osteoporosis is a disorder of the whole bone structure and effected by several under complex hormonal influences. What causes the problems is that the osteoblasts (that are building up the bones) under-regulated, and at the same time the osteoclasts will become over-productive.
The most dangered areas are the vertebrae and the femoral neck, where the disorder causes factures. Even a least strong force might brake the bones. In many cases patients only go to see a doctor when their bodies are considerably bent and their hight lessened. In advanced stages fracture of hip or spine can easily occur from the most innocent move. A complex form for osteoporosis treatment is known and the advancing of the disorder can be stopped. | 
